The Capital City of Cyprus
Nicosia, the capital city of Cyprus, has a rich and diverse history that dates back to the Bronze Age. The city has been inhabited for over 4,500 years and has been a significant centre for trade, culture, and politics throughout its history.
The Discovery of Nicosia
The earliest evidence of human settlement in Nicosia dates back to the 4th millennium BC, with the discovery of a Neolithic village near the present-day city. In the 2nd millennium BC, the area was inhabited by the Mycenaean Greeks, who established a colony in the region.
An Important City in The kingdom of Cyprus
During the Hellenistic period, Nicosia was known as Ledra and was an important city in the kingdom of Cyprus. It was later conquered by the Romans in 58 BC and became a part of the Roman Empire. The city flourished under Roman rule and was known for its impressive architecture and thriving economy.
The Invaders of Nicosia
In the 7th century AD, Nicosia was captured by the Arab armies and became part of the Arab Caliphate. The city was then ruled by the Byzantine Empire before being conquered by the Crusaders in the 12th century. During the Crusader period, Nicosia was fortified with a massive defensive wall and became a significant centre for trade and commerce.
In 1570, the city was captured by the Ottoman Empire, and Nicosia became the capital of the island. The Ottomans significantly influenced the city’s architecture and culture, and many of the city’s most iconic landmarks, such as the Selimiye Mosque, were built during this period.
Under British Administration
In 1878, the island of Cyprus was placed under British administration, and Nicosia continued to grow and develop as the capital of the island. The British influence can still be seen in the city’s architecture and institutions, and Nicosia remained an important administrative and commercial centre during this time.
The Independence of Cyprus
In 1960, Cyprus gained independence from British rule, and Nicosia became the capital of the newly established Republic of Cyprus. However, the city’s history took a dark turn in 1974 when Turkey invaded the island and occupied the northern part of Cyprus. As a result, Nicosia became a divided city, with the northern part of the city controlled by the Turkish Cypriots and the southern part controlled by the Greek Cypriots.
Significant Investment in Infrastructure
Despite the division, Nicosia has continued to thrive and develop as the capital of Cyprus. The city has seen significant investment in infrastructure, and the old town has been revitalized with new shops, restaurants, and cultural attractions.
Nicosia Today
Today, Nicosia is a vibrant and cosmopolitan city that is home to a diverse population and a rich cultural heritage. The city’s history is reflected in its architecture, cuisine, and traditions, and Nicosia remains an important centre for politics, commerce, and culture in Cyprus. With its unique blend of ancient history and modern development, Nicosia continues to be a fascinating and dynamic city with a rich and diverse history.
